Китайские университеты в условиях трансформации государственной политики: ответ на вызовы глобализации
Для цитирования
Михальченкова Н. А. Китайские университеты в условиях трансформации государственной политики: ответ на вызовы глобализации // Власть. 2016. Том 24. № 5. С. 75-87.
Аннотация
Изменения в системе высшего образования Китая в решающей степени определяются трансформацией политического режима в стране, целевыми установками правящих элит. В рамках господства Коммунистической партии Китая в политической системе страны развитие университетов напрямую зависит от решений, принимаемых государственной властью. В статье последовательно раскрывается специфика функционирования вузов в соответствии с советской моделью, в условиях «большого скачка» и «культурной революции». Основное внимание уделено базовым изменениям в системе высшего образования в условиях формирования социалистической рыночной экономики и выходу Китая на мировой рынок образовательных услуг, поиску оптимальных ответов на вызовы, которые ставит перед университетами глобализация.
Ключевые слова:
система высшего образования, университет, политический режим, государственная политика, реформы, конкурентоспособность
Литература
Bin C., Yong T. 2000. Higher Education: The Bright Spot in China's Economic Growth. – Chinese Education & Society. Vol. 33. P. 53-60.
Chan D., Mok K.-H. 2001. Educational Reforms and Coping Strategies under the Tidal Wave of Marketisation: A Comparative Study of Hong Kong and the Mainland. – Comparative Education. Vol. 37. No 1. P. 21-41.
Cheng Kai Ming. 1986. China’s Recent Education Reform: The Beginning of an Overhaul. – Comparative Education. Vol. 22. No 3. P. 255-269.
Ding X. 2004. The Challenges Faced by Chinese Higher Education as It Expands in Scale. – Chinese Education and Society. Vol. 37. No 1. P. 36-53.
Epstein I. 1982. An Analysis of the Chinese National Examination: The Politics of Curricular Challenge. – Peabody Journal of Education. No 59. P. 180-189.
Feng Yuan. 1999. National College Entrance Examinations: the Dynamics. – Journal of Education. Vol. 181. No 1. P. 39-57.
Hayhoe R. 1999. China’s universities 1985–1995: A century of cultural conflict. Hong Kong: Comparative Education Research Centre, University of Hong Kong.
Henze J. 1992. The Formal Education System and Modernization. – Education and Modernization: The Chinese Experience (ed. by R. Hayhoe). Oxford, England: Pergamon Press.
Hu Shi Ming, Seifman E. 1987. Education and Socialist Modernization. New York: AMS Press. 229 p.
Hu R., Chen G., Mao H. 2004. Taking Stock of Three Years of Expanded Enrollment in Higher Education. – Chinese Education and Society. Vol. 37. No 1. P. 12-35.
Law W. 1996. Fortress State, Cultural Continuities and Economic Change: Higher Education in Mainland China and Taiwan. – Comparative Education. Vol. 32. No 3. P. 377-393.
Lewin K.M., Hui X., Little A.W., Jiwei Z. 1994. Educational Innovation in China: Tracing the Impact of the 1985 Reforms. Essex, England: Longman.
Ma Wanhua, Wen Fianbo. 2015. The Chinese Academic Profession: New Realities. – The Global Future of Higher Education and the Academic Profession (ed. by Ph. Altbach, G. Androushchak, Y. Kuzminov, M. Yudkevich, L. Reisberg). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. P. 126-159.
Min Weifang 2004. Chinese higher education: The legacy of the past and the context of the future (ed. by P.G. Albach, T. Umakoshi). – Asian Universities: Historical Perspectives and Contemporary Challenges. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University. P. 53-83.
Mok K.-H. 2005. Globalization and Education Restructuring: University Merging and Changing Governance in China. – Higher Education. Vol. 50. No 1. P. 57-88.
Orleans L.A. 1987. Soviet influence on China’s higher education. – China’s Education and the Industrialized World (ed. by R. Hayhoe, M. Bastid). Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, Inc. P. 184-199).
Rumbley L.E., Pacheco I.R., Altbach Ph.G. 2008. International Comparison of Academic Salaries: An Exploratory Study. Chesnut Hill, MA: Boston College, Center for International Higher Education.
Spence J. D. 1990. The Search for Modern China. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Tang J. 1998. A Strategy for Reforming the Higher Education Administrative System. – Chinese Education & Society. Vol. 31. P. 28-35.
Transformation of Higher Education in Innovation Systems in China and Finland (ed. by Yuzhuo Cai, Vuokko Kohtamäki). 2014. Tampere: Tampere University Press.
Xing Lu. 2004. Rhetoric of the Chinese Cultural Revolution: The Impact on Chinese Thought, Culture, and Communication. University of South Carolina Press. 264 p.
Xiufang Wang. 2003. Education in China since 1976. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. 308 p.
Yoder B.L. 2006. Globalization of Higher Education in Eight Chinese Universities: Incorporation of and Strategic Responses to World Culture. URL: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/9177/1/Yoder_ETD_2006.pdf
Chan D., Mok K.-H. 2001. Educational Reforms and Coping Strategies under the Tidal Wave of Marketisation: A Comparative Study of Hong Kong and the Mainland. – Comparative Education. Vol. 37. No 1. P. 21-41.
Cheng Kai Ming. 1986. China’s Recent Education Reform: The Beginning of an Overhaul. – Comparative Education. Vol. 22. No 3. P. 255-269.
Ding X. 2004. The Challenges Faced by Chinese Higher Education as It Expands in Scale. – Chinese Education and Society. Vol. 37. No 1. P. 36-53.
Epstein I. 1982. An Analysis of the Chinese National Examination: The Politics of Curricular Challenge. – Peabody Journal of Education. No 59. P. 180-189.
Feng Yuan. 1999. National College Entrance Examinations: the Dynamics. – Journal of Education. Vol. 181. No 1. P. 39-57.
Hayhoe R. 1999. China’s universities 1985–1995: A century of cultural conflict. Hong Kong: Comparative Education Research Centre, University of Hong Kong.
Henze J. 1992. The Formal Education System and Modernization. – Education and Modernization: The Chinese Experience (ed. by R. Hayhoe). Oxford, England: Pergamon Press.
Hu Shi Ming, Seifman E. 1987. Education and Socialist Modernization. New York: AMS Press. 229 p.
Hu R., Chen G., Mao H. 2004. Taking Stock of Three Years of Expanded Enrollment in Higher Education. – Chinese Education and Society. Vol. 37. No 1. P. 12-35.
Law W. 1996. Fortress State, Cultural Continuities and Economic Change: Higher Education in Mainland China and Taiwan. – Comparative Education. Vol. 32. No 3. P. 377-393.
Lewin K.M., Hui X., Little A.W., Jiwei Z. 1994. Educational Innovation in China: Tracing the Impact of the 1985 Reforms. Essex, England: Longman.
Ma Wanhua, Wen Fianbo. 2015. The Chinese Academic Profession: New Realities. – The Global Future of Higher Education and the Academic Profession (ed. by Ph. Altbach, G. Androushchak, Y. Kuzminov, M. Yudkevich, L. Reisberg). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. P. 126-159.
Min Weifang 2004. Chinese higher education: The legacy of the past and the context of the future (ed. by P.G. Albach, T. Umakoshi). – Asian Universities: Historical Perspectives and Contemporary Challenges. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University. P. 53-83.
Mok K.-H. 2005. Globalization and Education Restructuring: University Merging and Changing Governance in China. – Higher Education. Vol. 50. No 1. P. 57-88.
Orleans L.A. 1987. Soviet influence on China’s higher education. – China’s Education and the Industrialized World (ed. by R. Hayhoe, M. Bastid). Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, Inc. P. 184-199).
Rumbley L.E., Pacheco I.R., Altbach Ph.G. 2008. International Comparison of Academic Salaries: An Exploratory Study. Chesnut Hill, MA: Boston College, Center for International Higher Education.
Spence J. D. 1990. The Search for Modern China. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Tang J. 1998. A Strategy for Reforming the Higher Education Administrative System. – Chinese Education & Society. Vol. 31. P. 28-35.
Transformation of Higher Education in Innovation Systems in China and Finland (ed. by Yuzhuo Cai, Vuokko Kohtamäki). 2014. Tampere: Tampere University Press.
Xing Lu. 2004. Rhetoric of the Chinese Cultural Revolution: The Impact on Chinese Thought, Culture, and Communication. University of South Carolina Press. 264 p.
Xiufang Wang. 2003. Education in China since 1976. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. 308 p.
Yoder B.L. 2006. Globalization of Higher Education in Eight Chinese Universities: Incorporation of and Strategic Responses to World Culture. URL: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/9177/1/Yoder_ETD_2006.pdf
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APA
Михальченкова, Н. А. (2016). Китайские университеты в условиях трансформации государственной политики: ответ на вызовы глобализации. Власть, 24(5), 75-87. извлечено от https://jour.fnisc.ru/index.php/vlast/article/view/4233
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