Igor R. Shafarevich about duty of a mathematician and a citizen

The article is devoted to the study of the ideas of the outstanding contemporary mathematician I.R. Shafarevich about politics, ideology and problems of science. The authors pay attention to the tie in his ideas between the scientific community’s values and the ideas of patriotism and the duty of a citizen and a scientist. Particular attention is paid to the conservative patriotic views of I.R. Shafarevich, who asserted the necessity of preserving the historical and cultural identity of Russia. He didn't accept the natural scientific ideal of the utility, rejected scientism and pointed out the importance of introducing the moral component in scientific practice. The scientist was alarmed at the consequences of the intensive development of the technical civilization, such as the threat of ecological crisis and dehumanization of life. I.R. Shafarevich reminded the scientific community about civic duty, which he perceived as a necessity of national identity preservation and showing regard for the country.