Interethnic Attitudes Through the Prism of Subjective Characteristics of Social Well-Being
Research Article
How to Cite
Shchegolkova E.Y. 2022. Interethnic Attitudes Through the Prism of Subjective Characteristics of Social Well-Being — Sociologicheskaja nauka i social’naja praktika. Vol. 10. No. 4. P. 132-156. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2022.10.4.9286
Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of the dependence of assessments of the state of interethnic relations on the nature of the social well-being of the population. The main approaches to the study of social well-being are presented, which is interpreted as an integral characteristic affecting all spheres of human activity, marking a complex indicator of a person’s satisfaction with life in a given society and a generalized indicator of the population’s reaction to social transformations. Based on the materials of representative sociological all-Russian and regional studies, it is shown that social well-being influences the vector of interethnic attitudes. Significant differences in the level of ethnic negativism were found depending on the level of material well-being, satisfaction with the financial situation, life satisfaction, and emotional state. All-Russian surveys show that respondents in a negative emotional state, aggravated by a general disturbing information agenda, are more likely to show malevolence towards people of other nationalities. It is also shown that subjective characteristics of social well-being, based on positive assessments of one’s material well-being and a life-affirming emotional background, reduce the level of hostility towards representatives of other nationalities. The article concludes that in conditions of unresolved socio-economic problems, subjective characteristics of social well-being as a factor of perception of the ethnically “other” increase their importance: low level of material prosperity, lack of stable employment and a decrease in the positive level of everyday emotional state, leads to increased negativism in the perception of the sphere of interethnic interactions. Dissatisfaction with one’s financial situation and life in general is likely to lead to an increase in possible ethnically marked social tensions.
Keywords:
interethnic relations, interethnic attitudes, ethnic negativism, social well-being, subjective satisfaction with life, subjective satisfaction with financial situation
References
1. Aslanova O. A. (2012). Social’noe samochuvstvie: izmeritel’nyj instrumentarij, pokazateli i social’nye kriterii. [Social Well-Being: Measuring Instruments, Indicators and Social Criteria]. Teorija i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitija. No 2. P. 59–63. (In Russ.).
2. Baturova E. Y. (2005). Kriticheskij analiz podkhodov k izmereniyu sotsialʹnogo samochuvstvija. [Critical Analysis of Approaches to Measuring Social Well-being]: Diss. na so-isk. zvanija magistra sociologii Manchesterskogo universiteta. Moskovskaja vysshaja shkola social’nyh i ekonomicheskih nauk. M. (In Russ.).
3. Bgazhnokov B. H., Hamdohova ZH. M. (2006) Social’noe samochuvstvie v mnogokul’turnom obshchestve (po materialam issledovanij v Kabardino-Balkarii [Social well-being in a multicultural society (based on research materials in Kabardino-Balkaria] // Etnokul’turnoe vzaimodejstvie v Evrazii: v 2 kn. / Оtv. red. A. P. Derevyanko, V. I. Molodin, V. A. Tishkov. Kniga 2-ya. M. : Nauka, 2006. P. 231–238. (In Russ.).
4. Beliaeva L. A. (2009) Uroven’ i kachestvo zhizni. Problemy izmerenija i interpretacii [The Level and Quality of Life. Challenges in Measuring and Interpreting]. Sociologicheskie issledovanija. No 1. P. 33–42. (In Russ.).
5. Butueva Z. A. (2013). Osobennosti sotsial’nogo samochuvstvija lyudej starshego vozrasta, nakhodjashchikhsja v trudnoj zhiznennoj situatsii [Social Well-being of Elder People Faced Difficult Life Situations]. Teorija i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitija. No. 9. P. 64–68. Available at: http://www. teoria-practica.ru/ru/9-2013.html (accessed August 01, 2022). (In Russ.).
6. Voz’mitel’ A. A. (2013) Kachestvo zhizni v doperestroechnoj i poreformennoj Rossii. [Quality of life in pre-perestroika and post-reform Russia]. Sociologicheskie issledovanija. No 2. Pp. 25–32. (In Russ.).
7. Grushin B. A. (2006). CHetyre zhizni Rossii v zerkale oprosov obshchestvennogo mnenija. Ocherki massovogo soznanija rossijan vremen Hrushcheva, Brezhneva, Gorbacheva i El’cina [Four Lives of Russia in the Mirror of Public Opinion Polls. Essays on the Mass Consciousness of Russians during the times of Khrushchev, Brezhnev, Gorbachev and Yeltsin] : v 4 kn. ZHizn’ 2-ya : Epoha Brezhneva. CHast’ 2. M. : Progress-Tradiciya. 906 p. (In Russ.).
8. Drobizheva L. М. (2013) Ischezaet li etnichnost’ v gorodskoj srede? Nekotorye otvety na zagadki bol’shogo goroda. [Does Ethnicity Remain in the Urban Environment? Some Answers to the Mysteries of the Big City]. Izvestija vysshih uchebnyh zavedenij. Povolzhskij region. Obshchestvennye nauki. No. 3 (27). Pp. 73–83. (In Russ.).
9. Drobizheva L. М. (2015) Potencial mezhnacional’nogo soglasija: osmyslenie ponjatija i social’naja praktika v Moskve. [The Potential of Interethnic Consent. Comprehension of the Concept and Social Practice in Moscow]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovanija. No 11. P. 80–90. (In Russ.).
10. Drobizheva L. M. (2012) Resurs mezhnacional’nogo soglasija i balans neterpimosti v sovremennom rossijskom obshchestve. [The resource of interethnic harmony and the balance of intolerance in modern Russian society]. Mir Rossii. No 4. Pp. 91–110. (In Russ.).
11. Kozyreva P. M. (2011) Sotsialʹnaja adaptatsija naselenija Rossii v post·sovetskij period. [Social Adaptation of the Population of Russia in the Post-Soviet Period]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovanija. No. 6. P. 24–36. (In Russ.).
12. Krupets Ya. N. Sotsial’noe samochuvstvie kak integral’nyj pokazatel’ adaptirovannosti [Social Well-being as an Integral Component of Adaptation]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovanija. 2003. No. 4. P. 143–144. (In Russ.).
13. Lebedeva S. O. (2007). Sotsialʹnoe samochuvstvie gorozhan. [Social well-being of citizens]. Social’no-politicheskoe razvitie Rossii kak kompleksnaja problema gumanitarnogo znanija: Materialy nauchnyh konferencij. Volgograd, 2007. P. 139–142. (In Russ.).
14. Lebedeva S. O., Puchkova M. O. (2009). Sotsialʹnoe samochuvstvie gorozhan kak sotsiologicheskaja problema [Social well-being of citizens as a sociological problem]. Materialy III Mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj studencheskoj konferentsii “Nauchnij potentsial studenchestva v XXI veke”. Stavropolʹ. 217 p. (In Russ.).
15. Lysukho A. S. (2020). Obzor rossijskih issledovanij po teme «social’noe blagopoluchie»: osnovnye issledovanja i rezul’taty. [Review of Russian studies on the topic “social well-being”: basic research and results] // INAB. № 1. Sub”ektivnoe i ob”ektivnoe blagopoluchie v sovremennom rossijskom obshchestve: rezul’taty empiricheskogo issledovanija. P. 7–17. DOI 10.19181/INAB.2020.1.1. (In Russ.).
16. Mezhnacional’noe soglasie kak resurs konsolidacii rossijskogo obshchestva: [monografija]. [Interethnic Accord as a Resource for the Consolidation of Russian Society: [monograph]]. Otv. red. L. M. Drobizheva; Institut sociologii RAN. M. : Institut sociologii RAN, 2016. 400 p. (In Russ.).
17. Popov E. A. (2010). Social’noe blagopoluchie cheloveka v nauchnom diskurse. [Human social well-being in scientific discourse]. Sociologija v sovremennom mire: nauka, obrazovanie, tvorchestvo. No. 2. P. 16–23. (In Russ.).
18. Rogozin D. M. (2007). Testirovanie voprosov o sotsial’nom samochuvstvii. [Testing of Questions on Social Wellbeing]. Sotsial’naja real’nost’. No. 2. P. 97–113. 18. (In Russ.).
19. Rukavishnikov V. O. (1990). Social’naja naprjazhennost’. [Social tension] // Dialog. No. 8. P. 6–11. (In Russ.).
20. Rusalinova A. A. (2009). Primenenie metoda gruppovyh ocenok v social’no-psihologicheskih issledovanijah. [Application of the method of group assessments in socio-psychological research]. Problemy promyshlennoj social’noj psihologii : izbrannye nauchnye trudy: 1964–2008 gg. / A. A. Rusalinova. Sankt-Peterburg : Izd-vo Sankt-Peterburgskogo un-ta, 2009. P. 65−71. (In Russ.).
21. Simonovich N. E. (2003). Sotsial’noe samochuvstvie lyudej i tekhnologii ego issledovanija v sovremennoi Rossii. Avtoref. dis. ... d-ra psikhol. nauk : : 19.00.05. [Social Well-being of People and Technology of Its Identofication in Modern Russia: Author’s abstract of Dr. psychol. sci. diss.]. Moscow. 37 p. (In Russ.).
22. Solovej A. P., Shukhno E. V. (2018) Interpretacija i operacionalizacija koncepta «social’noe samochuvstvie». [Interpretation and Operationalization of the Concept “Social Well-Being”]. Sinergiya. No 4. Р. 72–77. (In Russ.).
23. Social’noe samochuvstvie naselenija v uslovijah reform: regional’nyj aspect [Social well-being of the population in the context of reforms: regional aspect] / M. K. Gorshkov [et al] ; pod red. M. K. Gorshkova. M. : Nestor-Istoriya, 2011. 176 p. (In Russ.).
24. SHilova V. A. (2020). Sub”ektivnoe blagopoluchie v ponimanii rossijan: ocenki urovnja, svjaz’ s drugimi pokazateljami, sub”ektivnye harakteristiki i modeli. [Subjective well-being in the understanding of Russians: level assessments, connection with other indicators, subjective characteristics and models]. INAB. № 1. Sub”ektivnoe i ob”ektivnoe blagopoluchie v sovremennom rossijskom obshchestve: rezul’taty empiricheskogo issledovanija. Р. 18–38. DOI 10.19181/INAB.2020.1.2. (In Russ.).
2. Baturova E. Y. (2005). Kriticheskij analiz podkhodov k izmereniyu sotsialʹnogo samochuvstvija. [Critical Analysis of Approaches to Measuring Social Well-being]: Diss. na so-isk. zvanija magistra sociologii Manchesterskogo universiteta. Moskovskaja vysshaja shkola social’nyh i ekonomicheskih nauk. M. (In Russ.).
3. Bgazhnokov B. H., Hamdohova ZH. M. (2006) Social’noe samochuvstvie v mnogokul’turnom obshchestve (po materialam issledovanij v Kabardino-Balkarii [Social well-being in a multicultural society (based on research materials in Kabardino-Balkaria] // Etnokul’turnoe vzaimodejstvie v Evrazii: v 2 kn. / Оtv. red. A. P. Derevyanko, V. I. Molodin, V. A. Tishkov. Kniga 2-ya. M. : Nauka, 2006. P. 231–238. (In Russ.).
4. Beliaeva L. A. (2009) Uroven’ i kachestvo zhizni. Problemy izmerenija i interpretacii [The Level and Quality of Life. Challenges in Measuring and Interpreting]. Sociologicheskie issledovanija. No 1. P. 33–42. (In Russ.).
5. Butueva Z. A. (2013). Osobennosti sotsial’nogo samochuvstvija lyudej starshego vozrasta, nakhodjashchikhsja v trudnoj zhiznennoj situatsii [Social Well-being of Elder People Faced Difficult Life Situations]. Teorija i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitija. No. 9. P. 64–68. Available at: http://www. teoria-practica.ru/ru/9-2013.html (accessed August 01, 2022). (In Russ.).
6. Voz’mitel’ A. A. (2013) Kachestvo zhizni v doperestroechnoj i poreformennoj Rossii. [Quality of life in pre-perestroika and post-reform Russia]. Sociologicheskie issledovanija. No 2. Pp. 25–32. (In Russ.).
7. Grushin B. A. (2006). CHetyre zhizni Rossii v zerkale oprosov obshchestvennogo mnenija. Ocherki massovogo soznanija rossijan vremen Hrushcheva, Brezhneva, Gorbacheva i El’cina [Four Lives of Russia in the Mirror of Public Opinion Polls. Essays on the Mass Consciousness of Russians during the times of Khrushchev, Brezhnev, Gorbachev and Yeltsin] : v 4 kn. ZHizn’ 2-ya : Epoha Brezhneva. CHast’ 2. M. : Progress-Tradiciya. 906 p. (In Russ.).
8. Drobizheva L. М. (2013) Ischezaet li etnichnost’ v gorodskoj srede? Nekotorye otvety na zagadki bol’shogo goroda. [Does Ethnicity Remain in the Urban Environment? Some Answers to the Mysteries of the Big City]. Izvestija vysshih uchebnyh zavedenij. Povolzhskij region. Obshchestvennye nauki. No. 3 (27). Pp. 73–83. (In Russ.).
9. Drobizheva L. М. (2015) Potencial mezhnacional’nogo soglasija: osmyslenie ponjatija i social’naja praktika v Moskve. [The Potential of Interethnic Consent. Comprehension of the Concept and Social Practice in Moscow]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovanija. No 11. P. 80–90. (In Russ.).
10. Drobizheva L. M. (2012) Resurs mezhnacional’nogo soglasija i balans neterpimosti v sovremennom rossijskom obshchestve. [The resource of interethnic harmony and the balance of intolerance in modern Russian society]. Mir Rossii. No 4. Pp. 91–110. (In Russ.).
11. Kozyreva P. M. (2011) Sotsialʹnaja adaptatsija naselenija Rossii v post·sovetskij period. [Social Adaptation of the Population of Russia in the Post-Soviet Period]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovanija. No. 6. P. 24–36. (In Russ.).
12. Krupets Ya. N. Sotsial’noe samochuvstvie kak integral’nyj pokazatel’ adaptirovannosti [Social Well-being as an Integral Component of Adaptation]. Sotsiologicheskie issledovanija. 2003. No. 4. P. 143–144. (In Russ.).
13. Lebedeva S. O. (2007). Sotsialʹnoe samochuvstvie gorozhan. [Social well-being of citizens]. Social’no-politicheskoe razvitie Rossii kak kompleksnaja problema gumanitarnogo znanija: Materialy nauchnyh konferencij. Volgograd, 2007. P. 139–142. (In Russ.).
14. Lebedeva S. O., Puchkova M. O. (2009). Sotsialʹnoe samochuvstvie gorozhan kak sotsiologicheskaja problema [Social well-being of citizens as a sociological problem]. Materialy III Mezhdunarodnoj nauchnoj studencheskoj konferentsii “Nauchnij potentsial studenchestva v XXI veke”. Stavropolʹ. 217 p. (In Russ.).
15. Lysukho A. S. (2020). Obzor rossijskih issledovanij po teme «social’noe blagopoluchie»: osnovnye issledovanja i rezul’taty. [Review of Russian studies on the topic “social well-being”: basic research and results] // INAB. № 1. Sub”ektivnoe i ob”ektivnoe blagopoluchie v sovremennom rossijskom obshchestve: rezul’taty empiricheskogo issledovanija. P. 7–17. DOI 10.19181/INAB.2020.1.1. (In Russ.).
16. Mezhnacional’noe soglasie kak resurs konsolidacii rossijskogo obshchestva: [monografija]. [Interethnic Accord as a Resource for the Consolidation of Russian Society: [monograph]]. Otv. red. L. M. Drobizheva; Institut sociologii RAN. M. : Institut sociologii RAN, 2016. 400 p. (In Russ.).
17. Popov E. A. (2010). Social’noe blagopoluchie cheloveka v nauchnom diskurse. [Human social well-being in scientific discourse]. Sociologija v sovremennom mire: nauka, obrazovanie, tvorchestvo. No. 2. P. 16–23. (In Russ.).
18. Rogozin D. M. (2007). Testirovanie voprosov o sotsial’nom samochuvstvii. [Testing of Questions on Social Wellbeing]. Sotsial’naja real’nost’. No. 2. P. 97–113. 18. (In Russ.).
19. Rukavishnikov V. O. (1990). Social’naja naprjazhennost’. [Social tension] // Dialog. No. 8. P. 6–11. (In Russ.).
20. Rusalinova A. A. (2009). Primenenie metoda gruppovyh ocenok v social’no-psihologicheskih issledovanijah. [Application of the method of group assessments in socio-psychological research]. Problemy promyshlennoj social’noj psihologii : izbrannye nauchnye trudy: 1964–2008 gg. / A. A. Rusalinova. Sankt-Peterburg : Izd-vo Sankt-Peterburgskogo un-ta, 2009. P. 65−71. (In Russ.).
21. Simonovich N. E. (2003). Sotsial’noe samochuvstvie lyudej i tekhnologii ego issledovanija v sovremennoi Rossii. Avtoref. dis. ... d-ra psikhol. nauk : : 19.00.05. [Social Well-being of People and Technology of Its Identofication in Modern Russia: Author’s abstract of Dr. psychol. sci. diss.]. Moscow. 37 p. (In Russ.).
22. Solovej A. P., Shukhno E. V. (2018) Interpretacija i operacionalizacija koncepta «social’noe samochuvstvie». [Interpretation and Operationalization of the Concept “Social Well-Being”]. Sinergiya. No 4. Р. 72–77. (In Russ.).
23. Social’noe samochuvstvie naselenija v uslovijah reform: regional’nyj aspect [Social well-being of the population in the context of reforms: regional aspect] / M. K. Gorshkov [et al] ; pod red. M. K. Gorshkova. M. : Nestor-Istoriya, 2011. 176 p. (In Russ.).
24. SHilova V. A. (2020). Sub”ektivnoe blagopoluchie v ponimanii rossijan: ocenki urovnja, svjaz’ s drugimi pokazateljami, sub”ektivnye harakteristiki i modeli. [Subjective well-being in the understanding of Russians: level assessments, connection with other indicators, subjective characteristics and models]. INAB. № 1. Sub”ektivnoe i ob”ektivnoe blagopoluchie v sovremennom rossijskom obshchestve: rezul’taty empiricheskogo issledovanija. Р. 18–38. DOI 10.19181/INAB.2020.1.2. (In Russ.).
Article
Received: 03.08.2022
Accepted: 01.12.2022
Citation Formats
Other cite formats:
Harvard
Shchegolkova, E. Y. (2022) ’Interethnic Attitudes Through the Prism of Subjective Characteristics of Social Well-Being’, Sociologicheskaja nauka i social’naja praktika, 10(4), pp. 132-156. doi: https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2022.10.4.9286.
Section
ETHNOSOCIOLOGY
Publisher: Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FCTAS RAS)