Социальное обеспечение лиц с инвалидностью в государствах благосостояния: охват помощью и антикризисное регулирование. Часть 1
Научная статья
Для цитирования
Кулагина Е. В. Социальное обеспечение лиц с инвалидностью в государствах благосостояния: охват помощью и антикризисное регулирование. Часть 1. — Социологическая наука и социальная практика, 2021. Т. 9. № 3. С. 107-121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2021.9.3.8436
Аннотация
В статье, состоящей из двух частей, рассматривается политика социального обеспечения в отношении лиц с инвалидностью трудоспособного возраста в развитых государствах благосостояния (социал-демократических, консервативно-корпоративистских и неолиберальных режимов). В первой части статьи на основе анализа зарубежных исследований, а также данных статистики ЕС и ОЭСР за тридцатилетие изучены подходы к реформированию государственных программам помощи по инвалидности, направленные на преодоление «культуры зависимости» и повышение личной ответственности за благополучие инвалидов. Рассмотрены причины роста спроса на пособия, подходы к оценке инвалидности, основания для ужесточения требований к критериям отбора в программы. Показаны институциональные схемы социального обеспечения, условия участия («активные» меры для перехода к оплачиваемой занятости в данной статье не рассматриваются). Раскрыты подходы к сокращению бедности и неравенства: перераспределение государственных расходов внутри программ по инвалидности и альтернативные схемы поддержки, которые ориентированы на широкий охват социальной помощью лиц с инвалидностью, исходя из данных исследований и самооценок состояния здоровья. Приведены аргументы, вызывающие критику в ходе реформирования государственных программ помощи по инвалидности.
Ключевые слова:
реформа, государство всеобщего благосостояния, социальная политика в отношении инвалидов, социальное обеспечение, инвалидность
Литература
1. Кулагина Е. В. Новая политика государств благосостояния: контекст для анализа положения лиц с инвалидностью // Социологическая наука и социальная практика. 2020. Т. 8, № 4. С. 121–136. DOI: 10.19181/snsp.2020.8.4.7660
2. Кулагина Е. В. Профиль инвалидности: демографический и региональный аспекты // Региональная экономика: теория и практика. 2016. № 11 (434). С. 103–119.
3. Asher M. Z. (2017). The wind before the storm : Aging, automation, and the disability crisis. UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations. URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4c10v9sq (дата обращения: 12.05.2021).
4. Baumberg G. B. (2017). Benefits conditionality for disabled people : Stylised facts from a review of international evidence and practice. Journal of Poverty and Social Justice. Vol. 25, № 2. P. 107–28. DOI: 10.1332/175982717X14939739331010
5. Baumberg G. B., Garthwaite K., Warren J., Bambra C. (2017). Assessing work disability for social security benefits: international models for the direct assessment of work capacity. Disability and Rehabilitation. Vol. 40, № 24. Р. 2962–2970. DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017. 1366556
6. Berthoud R. (2008). Disability employment penalties in Britain. Work, Employment & Society. Vol. 22, №1. P. 129–148. DOI: 10.1177/0950017007087420
7. Bickenbach J, Posarac A, Cieza A, et al. (2015). Assessing disability in working age population – a paradigm shift : from impairment and functional limitation to the disability approach. Washington (DC): World Bank.
8. Black D., Daniel K., Sanders S. (2002). The impact of economic conditions on participation in disability programs : Evidence from the coal boom and bust. The American Economic Review. Vol. 92, № 1. P. 27–50. DOI: 10.1257/000282802760015595
9. Bound J., Burkhauser R. V. (1999). Chapter 51. Economic analysis of transfer programs targeted on people with disabilities. Handbook of Labor Economics. Ashenfelter O., Card D. eds. Amsterdam : Elsevier. Vol. 3, № 1. P. 3417–3528. DOI: 10.1016/S1573-4463(99)30042-0
10. Börsch-Supan A. (2010). Work disability : The effects of demography, health, and disability insurance. Research Findings in the Economics of Aging. Wise D. A. eds. The University of Chicago Press. P. 37–58. DOI:10.7208/chicago/9780226903088.003.0003
11. Burchardt T. (2000). The dynamics of being disabled. Journal of Social Policy. Vol. 29, № 04. P. 645–668. DOI : 10.1017/S0047279400006097
12. De Boer W. E. L, Brenninkmeijer V. Zuidam W. (2004). Long-term disability arrangements : A comparative study of assessment and quality control. Hoofddorp : TNO Work and Employment.
13. De Wind A. E., Brage S., Latil F., Williams N. (2020). Transfer of tasks in work disability assessments in European social security. European Journal of Social Security. Vol. 22, № 1. Р. 24–38. DOI: 10.1177/1388262720910307
14. Dieckhoener C., Peichl A. (2009). Financing social security: Simulating different welfare state systems for Germany. IZA Discussion Papers. № 4135. Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). Bonn.
15. Dwyer P. J. (2004). Creeping conditionality in the UK : From welfare rights to conditional entitlements? The Canadian Journal of Sociology. Vol. 29, № 2. Р. 265–287. DOI: 10.2307/3654696
16. Edmiston D. (2016). Welfare, austerity and social citizenship in the UK. Social Policy and Society. Vol. 16, № 2. Р. 261–270. DOI: 10.1017/S1474746416000531
17. Haverman R., Wolfe B. (2000). Chapter 18 The economics of disability and disability policy. Handbook of Health Economics. Culyer A. J., Newhouse J. P. eds. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Vol. 1, P. 995–1051. DOI: 10.1016/S1574-0064(00)80031-1
18. Jenkins S. P., Rigg J. A. (2004). Disability and disadvantage : Selection, onset, and duration effects. Journal of Social Policy. Vol. 33, № 03. P. 479–501. DOI: 10.1017/S0047279404007780
19. Keiser. L. R. (1999). State bureaucratic discretion and the administration of social welfare programs : The case of social security disability. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. Vol. 9, № 1. P. 87–106. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jpart.a024407
20. Keiser L. R. (2010). Understanding street-level bureaucrats’ decision making : Determining eligibility in the social security disability program. Public Administration Review. Vol. 70, № 2. P. 247–257. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2010.02131.x
21. Kemp P. A., Sunden A., Tauritz B. (2006). Sick societies? : Trends in disability benefits in post-industrial welfare states. Geneva : International Social Security Association.
22. Lauer E. A., Houtenville A. J. (2018). Estimates of prevalence, demographic characteristics and social factors among people with disabilities in the USA : a cross-survey comparison. BMJ Open. Vol. 8, № 2:e017828. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017828.
23. Lillestø B., Sandvin J. T. (2014). Limits to vocational inclusion? : Disability and the social democratic conception of labour. Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research. Vol. 16, № 1. P. 45–58. DOI: 10.1080/15017419.2012.735203
24. Louwerse I., Huysmans M. A., Van Rijssen H. J., Van der Beek A.J., Anema J. R. (2018). Characteristics of individuals receiving disability benefits in the Netherlands and predictors of leaving the disability benefit scheme : A retrospective cohort study with five-year follow-up. BMC Public Health. Vol. 18, № 157. P. 1–12. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5068-7
25. Nadel M., Wamhoff S., Wiseman M. (2003/2004). Disability, welfare reform, and supplemental security income. Social Security Bulletin. Vol. 65, № 3. P. 14–30.
26. OECD (2009). Employment Outlook 2009. Tackling the Jobs Crisis. Paris : OECD. DOI: 10.1787/empl_outlook-2009-en
27. OECD (2010). Sickness, disability and work : breaking the barriers. A synthesis of findings across OECD countries. Paris : OECD. DOI: 10.1787/9789264088856-en
28. OECD (2003). Transforming disability into ability. Policies to promote work and income security for disabled people. Paris : OECD. DOI: 10.1787/9789264158245-en
29. Oliver M., Barnes C. (2012). The new politics disablement. 2nd edition. Basingstoke, UK. Palgrave Macmillan.
30. Oliver M. (2013). The social model of disability : thirty years on. Disability & Society. Vol. 28, № 7. P. 1024–1026. DOI: 10.1080/09687599.2013.818773
31. Prinz C. (2010:4). Sickness, disability and work: lessons from reforms and lack of change across the OECD countries. Disability and employment – lessons from reforms. Kautto M., Bach Othman J. eds. Finnish Centre for Pensions, Reports. Helsinki.
32. Randolph S. Randi (1987). “The disabled state”. Clinical Sociology Review. Vol. 5, Iss. 1. Article 20. P. 197–291.
33. Rauch A., Dornette J. Equal (2010). Rights and equal duties? Activating labour market policy and the participation of long-term unemployed people with disabilities after the reform of the german welfare state. Journal of Social Policy. Vol. 39, № 01. P. 53–70. DOI: 10.1017/S0047279409990419
34. Rupp K., Stapleton D. C. (1998). Introduction. Growth in Disability Benefits: Explanations and Policy Implications. Rupp K., Stapleton D. C. eds. Kalamazoo. MI : W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. P. 1–27. DOI: 10.17848/9780880995665.ch1
35. Schrecker T., Bambra C. (2015). How politics makes us sick: Neoliberal epidemics. London : Palgrave Macmillan. DOI: 10.1057/9781137463074
36. SossJ., Keiser L. R. (2006). The political roots of disability claims : How state environments and policies shape citizen demands. Political Research Quarterly. Vol. 59, № 1. Р. 133–148. DOI: 10.1177/106591290605900112
37. Streeck W. (2015). The rise of the European consolidation state. MPIfG Discussion Paper. № 15/1. Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies. Cologne.
38. W. van Oorschot (2010). Disability benefit reforms in the netherlands 1980–2006, retrenchment and reconstruction. Disability and employment – lessons from reforms. Kautto M., Bach Othman J. eds. Finnish Centre for Pensions, Reports 2010:4. Helsinki.
39. W. van Oorschot (2006). Making the difference in social Europe : deservingness perceptions among citizens of European welfare states. Journal of European Social Policy. Vol. 16, № 1. P. 23–42. DOI: 10.1177/0958928706059829
2. Кулагина Е. В. Профиль инвалидности: демографический и региональный аспекты // Региональная экономика: теория и практика. 2016. № 11 (434). С. 103–119.
3. Asher M. Z. (2017). The wind before the storm : Aging, automation, and the disability crisis. UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations. URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4c10v9sq (дата обращения: 12.05.2021).
4. Baumberg G. B. (2017). Benefits conditionality for disabled people : Stylised facts from a review of international evidence and practice. Journal of Poverty and Social Justice. Vol. 25, № 2. P. 107–28. DOI: 10.1332/175982717X14939739331010
5. Baumberg G. B., Garthwaite K., Warren J., Bambra C. (2017). Assessing work disability for social security benefits: international models for the direct assessment of work capacity. Disability and Rehabilitation. Vol. 40, № 24. Р. 2962–2970. DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017. 1366556
6. Berthoud R. (2008). Disability employment penalties in Britain. Work, Employment & Society. Vol. 22, №1. P. 129–148. DOI: 10.1177/0950017007087420
7. Bickenbach J, Posarac A, Cieza A, et al. (2015). Assessing disability in working age population – a paradigm shift : from impairment and functional limitation to the disability approach. Washington (DC): World Bank.
8. Black D., Daniel K., Sanders S. (2002). The impact of economic conditions on participation in disability programs : Evidence from the coal boom and bust. The American Economic Review. Vol. 92, № 1. P. 27–50. DOI: 10.1257/000282802760015595
9. Bound J., Burkhauser R. V. (1999). Chapter 51. Economic analysis of transfer programs targeted on people with disabilities. Handbook of Labor Economics. Ashenfelter O., Card D. eds. Amsterdam : Elsevier. Vol. 3, № 1. P. 3417–3528. DOI: 10.1016/S1573-4463(99)30042-0
10. Börsch-Supan A. (2010). Work disability : The effects of demography, health, and disability insurance. Research Findings in the Economics of Aging. Wise D. A. eds. The University of Chicago Press. P. 37–58. DOI:10.7208/chicago/9780226903088.003.0003
11. Burchardt T. (2000). The dynamics of being disabled. Journal of Social Policy. Vol. 29, № 04. P. 645–668. DOI : 10.1017/S0047279400006097
12. De Boer W. E. L, Brenninkmeijer V. Zuidam W. (2004). Long-term disability arrangements : A comparative study of assessment and quality control. Hoofddorp : TNO Work and Employment.
13. De Wind A. E., Brage S., Latil F., Williams N. (2020). Transfer of tasks in work disability assessments in European social security. European Journal of Social Security. Vol. 22, № 1. Р. 24–38. DOI: 10.1177/1388262720910307
14. Dieckhoener C., Peichl A. (2009). Financing social security: Simulating different welfare state systems for Germany. IZA Discussion Papers. № 4135. Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). Bonn.
15. Dwyer P. J. (2004). Creeping conditionality in the UK : From welfare rights to conditional entitlements? The Canadian Journal of Sociology. Vol. 29, № 2. Р. 265–287. DOI: 10.2307/3654696
16. Edmiston D. (2016). Welfare, austerity and social citizenship in the UK. Social Policy and Society. Vol. 16, № 2. Р. 261–270. DOI: 10.1017/S1474746416000531
17. Haverman R., Wolfe B. (2000). Chapter 18 The economics of disability and disability policy. Handbook of Health Economics. Culyer A. J., Newhouse J. P. eds. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Vol. 1, P. 995–1051. DOI: 10.1016/S1574-0064(00)80031-1
18. Jenkins S. P., Rigg J. A. (2004). Disability and disadvantage : Selection, onset, and duration effects. Journal of Social Policy. Vol. 33, № 03. P. 479–501. DOI: 10.1017/S0047279404007780
19. Keiser. L. R. (1999). State bureaucratic discretion and the administration of social welfare programs : The case of social security disability. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. Vol. 9, № 1. P. 87–106. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jpart.a024407
20. Keiser L. R. (2010). Understanding street-level bureaucrats’ decision making : Determining eligibility in the social security disability program. Public Administration Review. Vol. 70, № 2. P. 247–257. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2010.02131.x
21. Kemp P. A., Sunden A., Tauritz B. (2006). Sick societies? : Trends in disability benefits in post-industrial welfare states. Geneva : International Social Security Association.
22. Lauer E. A., Houtenville A. J. (2018). Estimates of prevalence, demographic characteristics and social factors among people with disabilities in the USA : a cross-survey comparison. BMJ Open. Vol. 8, № 2:e017828. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017828.
23. Lillestø B., Sandvin J. T. (2014). Limits to vocational inclusion? : Disability and the social democratic conception of labour. Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research. Vol. 16, № 1. P. 45–58. DOI: 10.1080/15017419.2012.735203
24. Louwerse I., Huysmans M. A., Van Rijssen H. J., Van der Beek A.J., Anema J. R. (2018). Characteristics of individuals receiving disability benefits in the Netherlands and predictors of leaving the disability benefit scheme : A retrospective cohort study with five-year follow-up. BMC Public Health. Vol. 18, № 157. P. 1–12. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5068-7
25. Nadel M., Wamhoff S., Wiseman M. (2003/2004). Disability, welfare reform, and supplemental security income. Social Security Bulletin. Vol. 65, № 3. P. 14–30.
26. OECD (2009). Employment Outlook 2009. Tackling the Jobs Crisis. Paris : OECD. DOI: 10.1787/empl_outlook-2009-en
27. OECD (2010). Sickness, disability and work : breaking the barriers. A synthesis of findings across OECD countries. Paris : OECD. DOI: 10.1787/9789264088856-en
28. OECD (2003). Transforming disability into ability. Policies to promote work and income security for disabled people. Paris : OECD. DOI: 10.1787/9789264158245-en
29. Oliver M., Barnes C. (2012). The new politics disablement. 2nd edition. Basingstoke, UK. Palgrave Macmillan.
30. Oliver M. (2013). The social model of disability : thirty years on. Disability & Society. Vol. 28, № 7. P. 1024–1026. DOI: 10.1080/09687599.2013.818773
31. Prinz C. (2010:4). Sickness, disability and work: lessons from reforms and lack of change across the OECD countries. Disability and employment – lessons from reforms. Kautto M., Bach Othman J. eds. Finnish Centre for Pensions, Reports. Helsinki.
32. Randolph S. Randi (1987). “The disabled state”. Clinical Sociology Review. Vol. 5, Iss. 1. Article 20. P. 197–291.
33. Rauch A., Dornette J. Equal (2010). Rights and equal duties? Activating labour market policy and the participation of long-term unemployed people with disabilities after the reform of the german welfare state. Journal of Social Policy. Vol. 39, № 01. P. 53–70. DOI: 10.1017/S0047279409990419
34. Rupp K., Stapleton D. C. (1998). Introduction. Growth in Disability Benefits: Explanations and Policy Implications. Rupp K., Stapleton D. C. eds. Kalamazoo. MI : W. E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. P. 1–27. DOI: 10.17848/9780880995665.ch1
35. Schrecker T., Bambra C. (2015). How politics makes us sick: Neoliberal epidemics. London : Palgrave Macmillan. DOI: 10.1057/9781137463074
36. SossJ., Keiser L. R. (2006). The political roots of disability claims : How state environments and policies shape citizen demands. Political Research Quarterly. Vol. 59, № 1. Р. 133–148. DOI: 10.1177/106591290605900112
37. Streeck W. (2015). The rise of the European consolidation state. MPIfG Discussion Paper. № 15/1. Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies. Cologne.
38. W. van Oorschot (2010). Disability benefit reforms in the netherlands 1980–2006, retrenchment and reconstruction. Disability and employment – lessons from reforms. Kautto M., Bach Othman J. eds. Finnish Centre for Pensions, Reports 2010:4. Helsinki.
39. W. van Oorschot (2006). Making the difference in social Europe : deservingness perceptions among citizens of European welfare states. Journal of European Social Policy. Vol. 16, № 1. P. 23–42. DOI: 10.1177/0958928706059829
Статья
Поступила: 24.05.2021
Опубликована: 28.09.2021
Форматы цитирования
Другие форматы цитирования:
Harvard
Кулагина, Е. В. (2021) ’Социальное обеспечение лиц с инвалидностью в государствах благосостояния: охват помощью и антикризисное регулирование. Часть 1’, Социологическая наука и социальная практика, 9(3), сс. 107-121. doi: https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2021.9.3.8436.
Раздел
СОЦИОЛОГИЯ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ
Издатель: Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки